In the same way that language laboratories, television, and computers have augmented the standard classroom, distance learning technologies offer a plethora of new options for tutoring foreign languages, thereby further expanding the range of instructional techniques. It is crucial to differentiate between the various levels of capability of these distance learning options when reviewing them, as these systems impose distinct constraints on the instructional process. For example, one-way, presentation-only systems have been criticised for offering nothing more than a video distribution system.
Many distance learning programmes exhibit a lack of immediate two-way interaction, which appears to be in direct opposition to the objectives of foreign language instruction. Nevertheless, distance technologies can be utilised to support the objectives of foreign language pedagogy when this interaction is implemented effectively. Instruction must incorporate instructional strategies that promote learner autonomy and student-teacher and student-student dialogue in distance learning scenarios.
Distance language learning is one of the few modalities of technology-enhanced learning that has garnered as much attention as the others. Researchers in both ICT and education are perpetually striving to optimise the utilisation of technological resources and optimise their pedagogical impact, as a result of the recent accelerated advancements in Web technologies. There has been significant progress in the field of foreign language instruction to address a diverse array of world languages; however, there is a continuous pursuit of innovative solutions that are tailored to the unique requirements of language learners.
Distance education, which some refer to as "open learning," is primarily intended for students who are unable to attend in-person courses or programmes due to a variety of reasons. Students attend the course from the comfort of their homes or offices, complete the assignments, and engage with their peers and instructors via the Internet. In other words, they assume responsibility for their learning, which underscores the significance of learner autonomy. Sampson defines distance learning as "... a mode of delivery (independent learning at a distance through the means of self-study texts and noncontiguous communication)".
Are the materials developed by specialised teachers utilised as effectively in distance language education as they are in face-to-face courses? Who is responsible for the materials? and so forth. In addition to these unfavorable assessments, certain researchers contend that students are not isolated in the process; rather, they are engaged in an ongoing dialogue with their educators and peers. Despite the apparent opposition to distance education, it appears to be retaining the interest of educators, instructors, and learners in the future.
The primary focus of pertinent research on distance language education courses is the efficacy of language skill instruction, technological aspects of language instruction, and autonomous learning.